# Input Component Setup Examples

## Supplies for All

![](/files/-MWhI1N2aWOGGzEiTKgw)

## Photoresistor

### Additional Supplies

![](/files/-MWhIBn8X5ZGlYdWn1lh)

### Diagram

![The data (yellow) wire is connected to pin A0 (analog).](/files/-MWhIDiUlHSFUegsrubl)

### Code

This code will print to the Serial Monitor the amount of light detected by the sensor. 

```cpp
// Sensor pin is connected to pin A0 (analog) on the Arduino circuit board
int sensorPin = 0;

// Define variables
int lightValue;

void setup() {
  // Establish the component connection and its type (output/input)
  pinMode(sensorPin, INPUT);
  
  // Start Serial connection (9600 Baud)
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  // Read and store light amount
  lightValue = analogRead(sensorPin);

  // Print data to the Serial Monitor every 0.1 seconds
  Serial.print("Light Value: ");
  Serial.println(lightValue);
  delay(100);
}
```

## Ultrasonic Distance Sensor

This sensor works like a bat or a clicker from *The Last of Us* to detect objects and their distance from the sensor using a soundwave pulse outside of human hearing ranges.

### Additional Supplies

![](/files/-MWhIK5qxKwzEw9UCRfB)

### Diagram

![The Trigger (yellow) wire is connected to pin 7 and Echo (green) to pin 6.](/files/-MWhIMQu8U21VpxBsCkL)

### Code

This code will print to the Serial Monitor the distance of an object in front of the sensor.

```cpp
// Trigger pin is connected to pin 6 on the Arduino circuit board
int trigPin = 7;

// Echo pin is connected to pin 7 on the Arduino circuit board
int echoPin = 6;

// Define variables
long duration;    // Holds the duration it takes for the sound to bounce back
int distance;     // Hold the calculated distance

void setup() {
  // Establish the component connection and its type (output/input)
  pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
  
  // Start Serial connection (19200 Baud)
  Serial.begin(19200);
}

void loop() {
  // Clears the trigPin condition (turns it off)
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
  delayMicroseconds(2);

  // Sets the trigPin to HIGH or active for 10 microseconds then off
  // This is like a "ping" it sends out
  digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
  delayMicroseconds(5);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
  
  // Reads the echoPin value and returns the 
  // sound wave travel time in microseconds
  duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

  // Calculates the distance in inches based on the speed of sound
  distance = duration / 74 / 2;

  // Displays the result in the Serial Monitor
  // Will say it's out of range if zero or more than 400 inches (most likely an error)
  
  if (distance >= 400 || distance <= 0){
    Serial.println("Out of range");
  } else {
    Serial.print("Distance: ");
    Serial.print(distance);
    Serial.println(" in.");
  }
}
```


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