| Circuit Board |
| 
| Breadboard |
| 
| Jumper Cables |
## Buzzer
### Additional Supplies
| | |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------- |
| 
| Buzzer |
| 
| 100 Ohm Resistor |
### Diagram
### Code
In this example, the buzzer will play a 1KHz tone for 1 second, then silence for 1 second as long as it's plugged in.
```cpp
// Buzzer is connected to pin 9 on the Arduino circuit board
int buzzer = 9;
void setup() {
// Establish the component connection and its type (output/input)
pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
tone(buzzer, 1000); // Plays 1KHz tone
delay(1000); // Plays this tone for 1 second
noTone(buzzer); // Plays no tone
delay(1000); // Plays this tone for 1 second
}
```
## Standalone LED Light
### Additional Supplies
| | |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 
| LED light
(any color, as long as it has only two connectors)
| |
| 220 Ohm Resistor |
### Diagram
### Code
This code will make the LED light up for 1 second and go off for 1 second until it is unplugged.
```cpp
// LED is connected to pin 9 on the Arduino circuit board
int LED = 9;
void setup() {
// Establish the component connection and its type (output/input)
pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
digitalWrite(LED, HIGH); // Turn light on
delay(1000); // Wait 1 second
digitalWrite(LED, LOW); // Turn light off
delay(1000); // Wait 1 second
}
```
## Multiple LEDs
This example shows using and controlling two separate LEDs as an example of multiple output components.
### Additional Supplies
| | |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| | 2 LED lights
(any color, as long as it has only two connectors)
| | | 2 - 220 Ohm Resistors |
### Diagram
### Code
This code will alternate the lights lighting for 1 second each with a second of darkness in between until the Arduino is unplugged.
```cpp
// 1st LED is connected to pin 10 on the Arduino circuit board
int LED = 10;
// 2nd LED is connected to pin 9 on the Arduino circuit board
int LED2 = 9;
void setup() {
// Establish the component connection and its type (output/input)
pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
pinMode(LED2, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
digitalWrite(LED, HIGH); // Turn light on
delay(1000); // Wait 1 second
digitalWrite(LED, LOW); // Turn light off
delay(1000); // Wait 1 second
digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH); // Turn light on
delay(1000); // Wait 1 second
digitalWrite(LED2, LOW); // Turn light off
delay(1000); // Wait 1 second
}
```
## RGB LED
This is a special LED that you can use 0-255 color values to get any color of the RGB rainbow.
### Additional Supplies
| | |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 
| 2 LED lights
(any color, as long as it has only two connectors)
| | | 3 - 220 Ohm Resistors |
### Diagram
Note: This diagram is for a Cathode RGB LED where the 2nd connector is the ground (negative) connection.
## Code
This example turns the light cyan using the "simple" way (setting each color with a line of code).
```cpp
// Red pin is connected to pin 11 on the Arduino circuit board
int red = 11;
// Green pin is connected to pin 10 on the Arduino circuit board
int green = 10;
// Blue pin is connected to pin 9 on the Arduino circuit board
int blue = 9;
void setup() {
// Establish the component connection and its type (output/input)
pinMode(red, OUTPUT);
pinMode(green, OUTPUT);
pinMode(blue, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
// Example of Cyan (0, 255, 255)
analogWrite(red, 0);
analogWrite(green, 255);
analogWrite(blue, 255);
delay(1000);
}
```
This example shows the same thing, but using a custom function, making color changes take fewer lines of code:
```cpp
// Red pin is connected to pin 11 on the Arduino circuit board
int red = 11;
// Green pin is connected to pin 10 on the Arduino circuit board
int green = 10;
// Blue pin is connected to pin 9 on the Arduino circuit board
int blue = 9;
void setup() {
// Establish the component connection and its type (output/input)
pinMode(red, OUTPUT);
pinMode(green, OUTPUT);
pinMode(blue, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
// Example of Cyan (0, 255, 255)
RGB_Color(0, 255, 255);
delay(1000);
}
void RGB_Color(int redValue, int greenValue, int blueValue) {
analogWrite(red, redValue);
analogWrite(green, greenValue);
analogWrite(blue, blueValue);
}
```